Lyse-resistant RBCs detected by automated hematology analyzers are associated with which clinical condition?

Lyse-resistant red blood cells (RBCs) are typically indicative of certain pathological conditions that affect the integrity of the red blood cell membrane. In the case of sickle cell anemia, the condition is characterized by the presence of hemoglobin S, which causes RBCs to take on a characteristic sickle shape under low oxygen conditions. These deformed cells are more rigid and prone to damage, making them less susceptible to lysis during the analysis process. Automated hematology analyzers often utilize lysis methods for counting and sizing cells, but sickle cells may remain intact due to their altered membrane properties.

In contrast, thalassemia generally presents with microcytic and hypochromic cells that may not exhibit this lyse-resistant behavior, while iron deficiency anemia typically involves normocytic, easily lysed cells. Polycythemia vera, characterized by an increased number of RBCs, does not usually lead to lyse resistance, as the cells are generally normal in morphology. Therefore, sickle cell anemia is correctly associated with the presence of lyse-resistant RBCs detected by automated hematology analyzers.