What is the order of migration of hemoglobins on cellulose acetate at pH 8.4 from fastest to slowest?

The migration of hemoglobins on cellulose acetate at pH 8.4 is determined by their charge and size. At this specific pH, hemoglobin A1 (Hb A1) migrates the fastest due to its overall negative charge and smaller size compared to the others. Following Hb A1, hemoglobin F (Hb F) migrates next. Hb F has a slightly lower negative charge than Hb A1, causing it to move a little slower.

Next in line is hemoglobin S (Hb S), which is associated with sickle cell disease. While Hb S has a similar structure and size to Hb A1, its specific alterations due to the mutation in the β-globin chain alter its migration pattern, allowing it to move more slowly than Hb F. Finally, hemoglobin C (Hb C), which has additional mutations leading to even greater changes in its net charge and structure, migrates the slowest on the cellulose acetate.

Thus, the order of migration from fastest to slowest is indeed A1, F, S, C, aligning perfectly with the correct answer. Understanding the underlying reasons for the migration patterns assists in differentiating between various types of hemoglobin, which is essential for diagnosing and managing hemoglobinopath