What is the significance of an elevated D-dimer level?

An elevated D-dimer level is significant as it indicates a possible presence of a thrombotic condition, such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE). D-dimer is a fibrin degradation product that is present in the blood after a blood clot dissolves. When there is increased fibrin formation and lysis, D-dimer levels rise, serving as a marker for increased clotting activity in the body.

Clinically, while elevated D-dimer levels are not specific to any one condition, they are commonly used in conjunction with clinical evaluations and other diagnostic studies to rule out or confirm the presence of abnormal clot formation. Therefore, a high D-dimer can indicate that there is an ongoing thrombotic process, prompting further investigation to confirm the presence of a clot.

While normal D-dimer levels suggest absence of significant clotting disorders, they are not definitive indicators of health. Conditions such as liver dysfunction do not directly correlate with D-dimer levels and a high level does not confirm hemophilia, which is related to a deficiency in clotting factors rather than increased clot formation or breakdown. Thus, the presence of elevated D-dimer levels is primarily concerning for potential thrombosis.